feat(knowledge): 分类可改名/配色/删除，选中态与加载态更清楚

分类之前只能新增，建错了只能干看着。补上三件事：

- knowledge_category 加 color 列（迁移 0009，CHECK 卡 #RRGGBB），
  PATCH 支持改名与改色，空串表示取消上色；知识列表带出分类色，前端不用再查。
- 分类行悬停出「⋯」：改名、选色板/手填色值、建子分类、删除（有知识时确认后 force）。
- 选中分类改成主色浅底 + 描边 + 色点，列表头显示当前筛选；切分类时列表淡出并转圈，
  不再一动不动等请求回来。

顺带给卡片画分类色上边线：扫一眼就能分出哪几条属于同一类。

backend/alembic/versions/0009_knowledge_category_color.py

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+"""知识分类配色（M3 补充）
+
+Revision ID: 0009
+Revises: 0008
+Create Date: 2026-11-02
+
+分类从"只能分级"变成"还能上色"。一列而已，但解决了卡片墙上的一个真问题：
+三十条知识平铺在一起，光看标题要逐条读才知道哪条属于部署、哪条属于业务。
+分类色让"归属"在扫视时就成立，不用读字。
+
+三个取舍：
+
+1. **颜色存分类上，不存知识上**。同一类的颜色必须一致，否则卡片墙会花成
+   一盘散沙；存在分类上，改一次全类生效。
+2. **允许为空**。老数据（0007 建的分类）没有颜色，强行补一个默认值等于替用户
+   做决定；为空时前端按分类 id 稳定地挑一个调色板色，看起来仍是"每类一色"。
+3. **CHECK 约束卡格式**。只接受 `#RRGGBB`，大写。前端传 `rgb(...)` 或带 alpha
+   的值会被挡在数据库外——渲染层不会因为一个脏值悄悄丢样式。
+"""
+
+from __future__ import annotations
+
+from collections.abc import Sequence
+
+from alembic import op
+
+revision: str = "0009"
+down_revision: str = "0008"
+branch_labels: Sequence[str] | None = None
+depends_on: Sequence[str] | None = None
+
+UPGRADE_SQL = (
+    "ALTER TABLE knowledge_category ADD COLUMN IF NOT EXISTS color varchar(7)",
+    "ALTER TABLE knowledge_category DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS ck_kcat_color",
+    "ALTER TABLE knowledge_category ADD CONSTRAINT ck_kcat_color "
+    "CHECK (color IS NULL OR color ~ '^#[0-9A-F]{6}$')",
+    "COMMENT ON COLUMN knowledge_category.color IS '分类色 #RRGGBB，卡片上边线用它'",
+)
+
+
+def upgrade() -> None:
+    for statement in UPGRADE_SQL:
+        op.execute(statement)
+
+
+def downgrade() -> None:
+    op.execute("ALTER TABLE knowledge_category DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS ck_kcat_color")
+    op.execute("ALTER TABLE knowledge_category DROP COLUMN IF EXISTS color")

backend/app/api/knowledge.py

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 
 from __future__ import annotations
 
+import re
 import uuid
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from typing import Annotated, Any
@@ -73,6 +74,8 @@ class CategoryIn(BaseModel):
     name: str = Field(min_length=1, max_length=40)
     parent_id: uuid.UUID | None = None
     sort_order: int = 0
+    # 分类色，卡片上边线用它。不传就不上色（前端按 id 稳定地挑一个默认色）。
+    color: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=7)
 
 
 class CategoryPatch(BaseModel):
@@ -80,6 +83,8 @@ class CategoryPatch(BaseModel):
     parent_id: uuid.UUID | None = None
     move: bool = False
     sort_order: int | None = None
+    # 不传 = 不改；传空串 = 清成默认色（分类色是“可选项”，得能取消）。
+    color: str | None = Field(default=None, max_length=7)
     version: int
 
 
@@ -147,6 +152,29 @@ def _doc_out(doc: KnowledgeDoc) -> dict[str, Any]:
 
 
 # ── 分类 ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+_COLOR_RE = re.compile(r"^#[0-9A-Fa-f]{6}$")
+
+
+def _norm_color(value: str | None) -> str | None:
+    """分类色统一成 ``#RRGGBB`` 大写；空串表示“不要颜色”。
+
+    不在这里做“看得见就好”的宽松处理：颜色是直接拼进 CSS 的，宁可当场报错，
+    也不要让一个 ``red`` 或带 alpha 的值进了库、在前端静默变成透明边框。
+    """
+    if value is None:
+        return None
+    raw = value.strip()
+    if raw == "":
+        return None
+    if not _COLOR_RE.match(raw):
+        raise AppError(
+            ErrorCode.VALIDATION_FAILED,
+            "分类颜色要用 #RRGGBB 格式，例如 #4F46E5",
+            details={"value": value},
+        )
+    return raw.upper()
+
+
 async def _categories(
     session: AsyncSession, ws_id: uuid.UUID
 ) -> dict[uuid.UUID, KnowledgeCategory]:
@@ -175,6 +203,7 @@ def _category_payload(
         "name": cat.name,
         "depth": cat.depth,
         "sort_order": cat.sort_order,
+        "color": cat.color,
         "version": cat.version,
         "path": names,
         "full_path": " / ".join(names),
@@ -412,6 +441,7 @@ async def create_category(body: CategoryIn, ctx: MemberDep, session: SessionDep)
         name=name,
         depth=depth,
         sort_order=body.sort_order,
+        color=_norm_color(body.color),
     )
     session.add(cat)
     await session.flush()
@@ -472,6 +502,9 @@ async def patch_category(
         values.update(parent_id=new_parent_id, depth=new_depth)
     if body.sort_order is not None:
         values["sort_order"] = body.sort_order
+    # 只传了 color 才算改色；没传保持原样，传空串等于取消上色。
+    if body.color is not None:
+        values["color"] = _norm_color(body.color)
 
     result = await session.execute(
         update(KnowledgeCategory)

backend/app/models_knowledge.py

@@ -48,6 +48,10 @@ class KnowledgeCategory(Base, Timestamps):
 
     `depth` 是冗余列，但值得：每次筛选、移动子树都要判断层级，存下来就不用
     递归数祖先。写入时由 API 计算，读到不一致的行属于数据事故。
+
+    `color` 是给人看的分类色（`#RRGGBB`）。它不参与任何判断，只负责让
+    "这条知识属于哪一类"在卡片墙上一眼分得出来——所以允许为空（前端给默认色），
+    但一旦有值就必须是合法十六进制，否则渲染会静默丢样式。
     """
 
     __tablename__ = "knowledge_category"
@@ -55,6 +59,7 @@ class KnowledgeCategory(Base, Timestamps):
         Index("ix_kcat_ws_parent", "workspace_id", "parent_id"),
         CheckConstraint("depth BETWEEN 1 AND 3", name="ck_kcat_depth"),
         CheckConstraint("length(btrim(name)) > 0", name="ck_kcat_name"),
+        CheckConstraint("color IS NULL OR color ~ '^#[0-9A-F]{6}$'", name="ck_kcat_color"),
         {"comment": "知识分类树，深不过三"},
     )
 
@@ -68,6 +73,7 @@ class KnowledgeCategory(Base, Timestamps):
     name: Mapped[str] = mapped_column(String(40), nullable=False)
     depth: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(nullable=False, default=1)
     sort_order: Mapped[int] = mapped_column(nullable=False, default=0)
+    color: Mapped[str | None] = mapped_column(String(7))
 
 
 class KnowledgeDoc(Base, Timestamps):

backend/tests/test_knowledge_categories.py

@@ -329,3 +329,86 @@ async def test_categories_come_back_as_a_tree(client: AsyncClient) -> None:
         "技术开发 / 技术 / 部署",
         "餐饮业务",
     ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_category_color_roundtrip(client: AsyncClient) -> None:
+    """分类色：建时能给、能改、能取消，非法值当场拒绝。
+
+    颜色是直接拼进 CSS 的（卡片上边线），所以格式必须在入口挡住：
+    一个 `red` 或 `#4f46e5cc` 进了库，前端只会静默退化成灰边框，没人知道为什么。
+    """
+    user, ws_id = await _ws(client)
+    base = f"{V1}/workspaces/{ws_id}/knowledge/categories"
+
+    created = unwrap(
+        await client.post(json={"name": "部署", "color": "#4f46e5"}, url=base, headers=user["headers"])
+    )
+    # 统一成大写，前端不用再 casefold
+    assert created["color"] == "#4F46E5"
+
+    listed = unwrap(await client.get(base, headers=user["headers"]))["items"]
+    assert [c["color"] for c in listed] == ["#4F46E5"]
+
+    recolored = unwrap(
+        await client.patch(
+            f"{base}/{created['id']}",
+            json={"color": "#0EA5E9", "version": created["version"]},
+            headers=user["headers"],
+        )
+    )
+    assert recolored["color"] == "#0EA5E9"
+    assert recolored["name"] == "部署"  # 只改色不动名字
+
+    cleared = unwrap(
+        await client.patch(
+            f"{base}/{created['id']}",
+            json={"color": "", "version": recolored["version"]},
+            headers=user["headers"],
+        )
+    )
+    assert cleared["color"] is None
+
+    # 不传 color 的普通改名不该顺手把颜色清掉
+    colored = unwrap(
+        await client.patch(
+            f"{base}/{created['id']}",
+            json={"color": "#10B981", "version": cleared["version"]},
+            headers=user["headers"],
+        )
+    )
+    renamed = unwrap(
+        await client.patch(
+            f"{base}/{created['id']}",
+            json={"name": "上线", "version": colored["version"]},
+            headers=user["headers"],
+        )
+    )
+    assert renamed["name"] == "上线"
+    assert renamed["color"] == "#10B981"
+
+    bad = await client.post(json={"name": "业务", "color": "red"}, url=base, headers=user["headers"])
+    assert bad.status_code == 400, bad.text
+    assert _code(bad) == 1002
+
+    too_long = await client.post(
+        json={"name": "业务2", "color": "#4f46e5cc"}, url=base, headers=user["headers"]
+    )
+    assert too_long.status_code == 400, too_long.text
+
+
+@pytest.mark.asyncio
+async def test_knowledge_card_carries_category_color(client: AsyncClient) -> None:
+    """知识列表里带上分类（含颜色），前端画卡片上边线不用再查一次。"""
+    user, ws_id = await _ws(client)
+    cat = unwrap(
+        await client.post(
+            f"{V1}/workspaces/{ws_id}/knowledge/categories",
+            json={"name": "复盘", "color": "#EF4444"},
+            headers=user["headers"],
+        )
+    )
+    await _note(client, user, ws_id, "一次事故复盘", category_id=cat["id"])
+
+    page = unwrap(await client.get(f"{V1}/workspaces/{ws_id}/knowledge", headers=user["headers"]))
+    assert page["items"][0]["category"]["color"] == "#EF4444"

web/src/lib/types.ts

@@ -159,6 +159,8 @@ export interface KnowledgeCategory {
   name: string;
   depth: number;
   sort_order: number;
+  /** 分类色 `#RRGGBB`；没设时前端按 id 稳定地挑一个调色板色，卡片上边线用它 */
+  color: string | null;
   version: number;
   /** 从根到自己的名字链，后端拼好了，前端不用自己爬树 */
   path: string[];

web/src/pages/Knowledge.tsx

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ import { AppShell } from "../components/AppShell";
 import { AttachmentPanel } from "../components/AttachmentPanel";
 import { Markdown } from "../components/Markdown";
 import { RichTextEditor } from "../components/RichTextEditor";
-import { Link2, Paperclip, Pencil, Plus, Search, Sparkle } from "../components/icons";
+import { Check, Link2, More, Paperclip, Pencil, Plus, Search, Sparkle, Spinner, Trash } from "../components/icons";
 import {
   Button,
   EmptyState,
@@ -52,6 +52,39 @@ const SOURCE_LABEL: Record<string, string> = {
   ticket: "来自工单",
 };
 
+/**
+ * 分类调色板。给的是“彼此能分开”的一组色，不是渐变——分类色的用途是让人
+ * 在卡片墙上一眼分辨归属，颜色之间越差得开越好用。调色板没有的色可以手填。
+ */
+const CATEGORY_PALETTE = [
+  "#4F46E5",
+  "#0EA5E9",
+  "#10B981",
+  "#F59E0B",
+  "#EF4444",
+  "#EC4899",
+  "#8B5CF6",
+  "#14B8A6",
+  "#64748B",
+  "#84CC16",
+];
+
+const HEX_COLOR_RE = /^#[0-9A-Fa-f]{6}$/;
+
+/**
+ * 分类实际用的颜色：设了就用设的，没设就按 id 稳定地挑一个调色板色。
+ *
+ * 为什么没设也要给色：老分类（加颜色列之前建的）全是空值，如果空值一律画灰边，
+ * 刚上的“分类色”看起来就像没生效。按 id 取模是确定性的：同一条分类刷新前后同色，
+ * 也不会因为新增一条分类而让别的分类换色。
+ */
+function categoryColor(cat: { id: string; color: string | null }): string {
+  if (cat.color) return cat.color;
+  let hash = 0;
+  for (let i = 0; i < cat.id.length; i += 1) hash = (hash * 31 + cat.id.charCodeAt(i)) % 9973;
+  return CATEGORY_PALETTE[hash % CATEGORY_PALETTE.length];
+}
+
 const ACTION_LABEL: Record<string, string> = {
   submit_review: "提交审议",
   withdraw: "撤回审议",
@@ -113,13 +146,13 @@ export function KnowledgePage() {
     void loadCategories();
   }, [loadCategories]);
 
-  async function createCategory(name: string, parentId: string | null) {
+  async function createCategory(name: string, parentId: string | null, color: string | null = null) {
     setCatBusy(true);
     setError(null);
     try {
       const created = await api.post<KnowledgeCategoryNode>(
         `/workspaces/${wsId}/knowledge/categories`,
-        { name, parent_id: parentId },
+        { name, parent_id: parentId, color },
       );
       await loadCategories();
       return created;
@@ -131,6 +164,67 @@ export function KnowledgePage() {
     }
   }
 
+  /** 改分类名：只动名字，不带 move，也不碰颜色 */
+  async function renameCategory(cat: KnowledgeCategoryNode, name: string) {
+    const value = name.trim();
+    if (!value || value === cat.name) return;
+    setCatBusy(true);
+    setError(null);
+    try {
+      await api.patch(`/workspaces/${wsId}/knowledge/categories/${cat.id}`, {
+        name: value,
+        version: cat.version,
+      });
+      await loadCategories();
+    } catch (err) {
+      setError(err instanceof ApiError ? err.message : "分类改名失败");
+    } finally {
+      setCatBusy(false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /** 改分类色。传空串 = 取消上色（后端把空串落成 NULL） */
+  async function recolorCategory(cat: KnowledgeCategoryNode, color: string | null) {
+    setCatBusy(true);
+    setError(null);
+    try {
+      await api.patch(`/workspaces/${wsId}/knowledge/categories/${cat.id}`, {
+        color: color ?? "",
+        version: cat.version,
+      });
+      await loadCategories();
+    } catch (err) {
+      setError(err instanceof ApiError ? err.message : "分类颜色保存失败");
+    } finally {
+      setCatBusy(false);
+    }
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * 删分类。里面还有知识时后端要求显式 `force`，所以先问一句：
+   * 删分类不删知识（知识退回未分类），但“突然从分类里消失”仍然值得确认。
+   * 删完要重拉列表：那些知识已从当前筛选里掉出去了。
+   */
+  async function deleteCategory(cat: KnowledgeCategoryNode) {
+    const sure = window.confirm(
+      cat.doc_count > 0
+        ? `「${cat.full_path}」里还有 ${cat.doc_count} 条知识。\n删除分类不会删知识，它们会回到「未分类」。继续？`
+        : `删除分类「${cat.full_path}」？`,
+    );
+    if (!sure) return;
+    setCatBusy(true);
+    setError(null);
+    try {
+      await api.del(`/workspaces/${wsId}/knowledge/categories/${cat.id}?force=true`);
+      if (catFilter === cat.id) setCatFilter(null);
+      await loadCategories();
+    } catch (err) {
+      setError(err instanceof ApiError ? err.message : "分类删除失败");
+    } finally {
+      setCatBusy(false);
+    }
+  }
+
   const load = useCallback(
     async (nextCursor: string | null) => {
       // 切 tab / 改搜索会连发请求，慢的回来会盖掉新结果
@@ -203,6 +297,7 @@ export function KnowledgePage() {
   }
 
   const pendingCount = docs.filter((d) => d.knowledge.status_hint !== "published").length;
+  const activeCategory = categories.find((c) => c.id === catFilter) ?? null;
 
   return (
     <AppShell wsId={wsId} active="knowledge">
@@ -245,12 +340,16 @@ export function KnowledgePage() {
         <CategorySidebar
           categories={categories}
           selected={catFilter}
+          loading={loading}
           onSelect={(value) => {
             setCatFilter(value);
             setHits(null);
           }}
           busy={catBusy}
-          onCreate={(name, parentId) => void createCategory(name, parentId)}
+          onCreate={(name, parentId, color) => void createCategory(name, parentId, color)}
+          onRename={(cat, name) => void renameCategory(cat, name)}
+          onRecolor={(cat, color) => void recolorCategory(cat, color)}
+          onDelete={(cat) => void deleteCategory(cat)}
         />
         <div className="min-w-0">
       <div className="mb-4 flex flex-wrap items-center gap-1.5">
@@ -270,7 +369,12 @@ export function KnowledgePage() {
             </button>
           );
         })}
-        {tab === "draft" && pendingCount > 0 ? (
+        {loading ? (
+          <span className="ml-auto inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 text-2xs text-ink-500">
+            <Spinner size={12} />
+            载入中…
+          </span>
+        ) : tab === "draft" && pendingCount > 0 ? (
           <span className="ml-auto hidden text-2xs text-ink-400 sm:block">
             {pendingCount} 份草稿等你核对
           </span>
@@ -283,6 +387,26 @@ export function KnowledgePage() {
         </div>
       )}
 
+      {/* 当前筛选要写在列表头上：光左侧高亮一条，回头就忘了自己在看哪个分类 */}
+      {hits === null && catFilter ? (
+        <div className="mb-3 flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
+          {activeCategory ? (
+            <span
+              className="chip bg-paper-100 text-ink-700"
+              style={{ boxShadow: `inset 3px 0 0 ${categoryColor(activeCategory)}` }}
+            >
+              {activeCategory.full_path}
+            </span>
+          ) : (
+            <span className="chip bg-paper-100 text-ink-700">未分类</span>
+          )}
+          <span className="text-2xs text-ink-400">只看这个分类（含子分类）</span>
+          <button className="link text-2xs" onClick={() => setCatFilter(null)}>
+            清除筛选
+          </button>
+        </div>
+      ) : null}
+
       {hits !== null ? (
         <section className="space-y-2">
           <div className="flex items-baseline justify-between px-1">
@@ -347,10 +471,21 @@ export function KnowledgePage() {
           />
         </div>
       ) : (
-        <ul className="grid gap-2 md:grid-cols-2 2xl:grid-cols-3">
+        <ul
+          className={`grid gap-2 transition-opacity duration-150 md:grid-cols-2 2xl:grid-cols-3 ${
+            loading ? "pointer-events-none opacity-50" : ""
+          }`}
+          aria-busy={loading}
+        >
           {docs.map((d) => (
             <li
               key={d.id}
+              // 分类色画在卡片上边线上：不是装饰，是“扫一眼就知道这类是我要找的”的标记
+              style={
+                d.category
+                  ? { borderTopWidth: 3, borderTopColor: categoryColor(d.category) }
+                  : undefined
+              }
               className="card group flex items-start justify-between gap-3 p-4 transition hover:border-line-300 hover:shadow-pop"
             >
               <button className="min-w-0 flex-1 text-left" onClick={() => setOpenId(d.id)}>
@@ -370,6 +505,11 @@ export function KnowledgePage() {
                   ) : null}
                   {d.category ? (
                     <span className="chip max-w-[16rem] truncate bg-paper-200 text-ink-500">
+                      <span
+                        aria-hidden
+                        className="mr-1 inline-block h-1.5 w-1.5 shrink-0 rounded-full align-middle"
+                        style={{ background: categoryColor(d.category) }}
+                      />
                       {d.category.full_path}
                     </span>
                   ) : null}
@@ -441,23 +581,63 @@ export function KnowledgePage() {
   );
 }
 
+/** 分类色块：选中的那个带描边和钩，不用猜“现在到底是哪个色” */
+function ColorSwatch({
+  value,
+  active,
+  onClick,
+  title,
+}: {
+  value: string | null;
+  active: boolean;
+  onClick: () => void;
+  title: string;
+}) {
+  return (
+    <button
+      type="button"
+      title={title}
+      aria-label={title}
+      aria-pressed={active}
+      onClick={onClick}
+      className={`grid h-5 w-5 place-items-center rounded-full ring-1 transition ${
+        active ? "ring-2 ring-ink-900 ring-offset-1" : "ring-line-300 hover:ring-ink-400"
+      }`}
+      style={{ background: value ?? "#FFFFFF" }}
+    >
+      {active ? <Check size={11} className={value ? "text-white" : "text-ink-700"} /> : null}
+    </button>
+  );
+}
+
 /** 左侧分类树：一层一层缩进，点一下就把列表收窄到该分类（含子分类）。 */
 function CategorySidebar({
   categories,
   selected,
+  loading,
   onSelect,
   busy,
   onCreate,
+  onRename,
+  onRecolor,
+  onDelete,
 }: {
   categories: KnowledgeCategoryNode[];
   selected: string | null;
+  loading: boolean;
   onSelect: (value: string | null) => void;
   busy: boolean;
-  onCreate: (name: string, parentId: string | null) => void;
+  onCreate: (name: string, parentId: string | null, color: string | null) => void;
+  onRename: (cat: KnowledgeCategoryNode, name: string) => void;
+  onRecolor: (cat: KnowledgeCategoryNode, color: string | null) => void;
+  onDelete: (cat: KnowledgeCategoryNode) => void;
 }) {
   const [adding, setAdding] = useState(false);
   const [name, setName] = useState("");
   const [parentId, setParentId] = useState("");
+  const [newColor, setNewColor] = useState<string | null>(CATEGORY_PALETTE[0]);
+  /** 哪一行展开了管理面板：改名、改色、新建子分类、删除都在这一块里 */
+  const [openId, setOpenId] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
   return (
     <aside className="card h-fit p-3 lg:sticky lg:top-4">
@@ -475,8 +655,9 @@ function CategorySidebar({
             e.preventDefault();
             const value = name.trim();
             if (!value) return;
-            onCreate(value, parentId || null);
+            onCreate(value, parentId || null, newColor);
             setName("");
+            setParentId("");
             setAdding(false);
           }}
         >
@@ -503,6 +684,26 @@ function CategorySidebar({
                 </option>
               ))}
           </select>
+          <div>
+            <p className="mb-1 text-2xs text-ink-400">卡片颜色</p>
+            <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-1.5">
+              {CATEGORY_PALETTE.map((c) => (
+                <ColorSwatch
+                  key={c}
+                  value={c}
+                  active={newColor === c}
+                  onClick={() => setNewColor(c)}
+                  title={`用 ${c}`}
+                />
+              ))}
+              <ColorSwatch
+                value={null}
+                active={newColor === null}
+                onClick={() => setNewColor(null)}
+                title="先不上色"
+              />
+            </div>
+          </div>
           <Button variant="primary" size="sm" type="submit" disabled={busy || !name.trim()}>
             创建
           </Button>
@@ -517,15 +718,28 @@ function CategorySidebar({
           未分类
         </CategoryButton>
         {categories.map((c) => (
-          <CategoryButton
+          <CategoryRow
             key={c.id}
+            category={c}
             active={selected === c.id}
-            indent={c.depth - 1}
+            loading={loading && selected === c.id}
-            onClick={() => onSelect(c.id)}
+            open={openId === c.id}
-          >
+            busy={busy}
-            <span className="truncate">{c.name}</span>
+            onToggle={() => setOpenId((v) => (v === c.id ? null : c.id))}
-            {c.doc_count > 0 ? <span className="text-2xs text-ink-400">{c.doc_count}</span> : null}
+            onSelect={() => {
-          </CategoryButton>
+              setOpenId(null);
+              onSelect(c.id);
+            }}
+            onRename={(value) => onRename(c, value)}
+            onRecolor={(color) => onRecolor(c, color)}
+            onDelete={() => onDelete(c)}
+            onAddChild={() => {
+              setOpenId(null);
+              setParentId(c.id);
+              setName("");
+              setAdding(true);
+            }}
+          />
         ))}
       </nav>
 
@@ -538,36 +752,246 @@ function CategorySidebar({
   );
 }
 
+/** 一行分类：左边是名字（前面圆点是分类色），悬停出现「⋯」展开管理面板。 */
+function CategoryRow({
+  category,
+  active,
+  loading,
+  open,
+  busy,
+  onToggle,
+  onSelect,
+  onRename,
+  onRecolor,
+  onDelete,
+  onAddChild,
+}: {
+  category: KnowledgeCategoryNode;
+  active: boolean;
+  loading: boolean;
+  open: boolean;
+  busy: boolean;
+  onToggle: () => void;
+  onSelect: () => void;
+  onRename: (name: string) => void;
+  onRecolor: (color: string | null) => void;
+  onDelete: () => void;
+  onAddChild: () => void;
+}) {
+  const indent = category.depth - 1;
+  return (
+    <div
+      className={`group/cat relative rounded-lg transition-colors ${
+        active ? "bg-primary-50 ring-1 ring-primary-200" : ""
+      }`}
+    >
+      <div className="flex items-center">
+        <button
+          onClick={onSelect}
+          aria-current={active ? "true" : undefined}
+          style={{ paddingLeft: `${8 + indent * 14}px` }}
+          className={`flex min-w-0 flex-1 items-center justify-between gap-2 rounded-lg py-1.5 pr-1 text-sm transition-colors ${
+            active
+              ? "font-medium text-primary-800"
+              : "text-ink-600 hover:bg-paper-100 hover:text-ink-900"
+          }`}
+        >
+          <span className="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-1.5">
+            {/* 二级及以下带一个点，光靠缩进在小屏上不够分得清是子分类还是换了一棵树 */}
+            {indent > 0 ? (
+              <span aria-hidden className="text-ink-300">
+                ·
+              </span>
+            ) : null}
+            <span
+              aria-hidden
+              className="h-2 w-2 shrink-0 rounded-full ring-1 ring-black/5"
+              style={{ background: categoryColor(category) }}
+            />
+            <span className="truncate">{category.name}</span>
+          </span>
+          <span className="flex shrink-0 items-center gap-1">
+            {loading ? <Spinner size={12} className="text-primary-600" /> : null}
+            {category.doc_count > 0 ? (
+              <span className={`text-2xs ${active ? "text-primary-500" : "text-ink-400"}`}>
+                {category.doc_count}
+              </span>
+            ) : null}
+          </span>
+        </button>
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          aria-label={`管理分类「${category.name}」`}
+          aria-expanded={open}
+          onClick={onToggle}
+          className={`mr-1 shrink-0 rounded-md p-1 text-ink-400 transition hover:bg-white hover:text-ink-700 ${
+            open ? "opacity-100" : "opacity-0 group-hover/cat:opacity-100 focus-visible:opacity-100"
+          }`}
+        >
+          <More size={13} />
+        </button>
+      </div>
+      {open ? (
+        <CategoryEditor
+          category={category}
+          busy={busy}
+          onRename={onRename}
+          onRecolor={onRecolor}
+          onDelete={onDelete}
+          onAddChild={onAddChild}
+        />
+      ) : null}
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
+/** 分类管理面板：改名、挑色（或手填）、建子分类、删除。 */
+function CategoryEditor({
+  category,
+  busy,
+  onRename,
+  onRecolor,
+  onDelete,
+  onAddChild,
+}: {
+  category: KnowledgeCategoryNode;
+  busy: boolean;
+  onRename: (name: string) => void;
+  onRecolor: (color: string | null) => void;
+  onDelete: () => void;
+  onAddChild: () => void;
+}) {
+  const [name, setName] = useState(category.name);
+  const [hex, setHex] = useState(category.color ?? "");
+  const [hexError, setHexError] = useState<string | null>(null);
+  const current = category.color ?? categoryColor(category);
+
+  return (
+    <div className="mb-1 mt-1 space-y-2 rounded-lg border border-line-200 bg-white p-2 shadow-card">
+      <form
+        onSubmit={(e) => {
+          e.preventDefault();
+          onRename(name);
+        }}
+      >
+        <label className="mb-1 block text-2xs text-ink-400">名称</label>
+        <div className="flex gap-1">
+          <input
+            className="input h-8 min-w-0 flex-1 text-sm"
+            value={name}
+            onChange={(e) => setName(e.target.value)}
+            aria-label="分类名称"
+            disabled={busy}
+          />
+          <Button
+            variant="subtle"
+            size="sm"
+            type="submit"
+            disabled={busy || !name.trim() || name.trim() === category.name}
+          >
+            保存
+          </Button>
+        </div>
+      </form>
+
+      <div>
+        <p className="mb-1 text-2xs text-ink-400">卡片边线颜色</p>
+        <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-1.5">
+          {CATEGORY_PALETTE.map((c) => (
+            <ColorSwatch
+              key={c}
+              value={c}
+              active={current.toUpperCase() === c}
+              onClick={() => {
+                setHex(c);
+                setHexError(null);
+                onRecolor(c);
+              }}
+              title={`用 ${c}`}
+            />
+          ))}
+          <ColorSwatch
+            value={null}
+            active={category.color === null}
+            onClick={() => {
+              setHex("");
+              setHexError(null);
+              onRecolor(null);
+            }}
+            title="不上色（按分类自动挑）"
+          />
+        </div>
+        <form
+          className="mt-1.5 flex gap-1"
+          onSubmit={(e) => {
+            e.preventDefault();
+            const value = hex.trim().toUpperCase();
+            if (value === "") {
+              onRecolor(null);
+              return;
+            }
+            if (!HEX_COLOR_RE.test(value)) {
+              setHexError("要 #RRGGBB 这样 6 位十六进制");
+              return;
+            }
+            setHexError(null);
+            onRecolor(value);
+          }}
+        >
+          <input
+            className="input h-7 min-w-0 flex-1 font-mono text-xs"
+            value={hex}
+            placeholder="#4F46E5"
+            onChange={(e) => {
+              setHex(e.target.value);
+              setHexError(null);
+            }}
+            aria-label="自定义分类颜色"
+            disabled={busy}
+          />
+          <Button variant="subtle" size="sm" type="submit" disabled={busy}>
+            用这个色
+          </Button>
+        </form>
+        {hexError ? <p className="mt-1 text-2xs text-rust-600">{hexError}</p> : null}
+      </div>
+
+      <div className="flex items-center gap-1 border-t border-line-100 pt-1.5">
+        {category.depth < 3 ? (
+          <Button variant="ghost" size="sm" onClick={onAddChild} disabled={busy}>
+            <Plus size={12} />
+            子分类
+          </Button>
+        ) : null}
+        <Button variant="danger" size="sm" className="ml-auto" onClick={onDelete} disabled={busy}>
+          <Trash size={12} />
+          删除
+        </Button>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}
+
 function CategoryButton({
   active,
-  indent = 0,
   onClick,
   children,
 }: {
   active: boolean;
-  indent?: number;
   onClick: () => void;
   children: React.ReactNode;
 }) {
   return (
     <button
       onClick={onClick}
-      style={{ paddingLeft: `${8 + indent * 14}px` }}
+      aria-current={active ? "true" : undefined}
-      className={`flex w-full items-center justify-between gap-2 rounded-lg py-1.5 pr-2 text-sm transition-colors ${
+      className={`flex w-full items-center justify-between gap-2 rounded-lg py-1.5 pl-2 pr-2 text-sm transition-colors ${
         active
-          ? "bg-white text-ink-900 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-line-200"
+          ? "bg-primary-50 font-medium text-primary-800 ring-1 ring-primary-200"
-          : "text-ink-600 hover:bg-white/60 hover:text-ink-800"
+          : "text-ink-600 hover:bg-paper-100 hover:text-ink-900"
       }`}
     >
-      <span className="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-1">
+      <span className="flex min-w-0 items-center gap-1">{children}</span>
-        {/* 二级及以下带一个点，光靠缩进在小屏上不够分得清是子分类还是换了一棵树 */}
-        {indent > 0 ? (
-          <span aria-hidden className="text-ink-300">
-            ·
-          </span>
-        ) : null}
-        {children}
-      </span>
     </button>
   );
 }
@@ -584,7 +1008,11 @@ function KnowledgeComposer({
   wsId: string;
   categories: KnowledgeCategoryNode[];
   catBusy: boolean;
-  onCreateCategory: (name: string, parentId: string | null) => Promise<KnowledgeCategoryNode | null>;
+  onCreateCategory: (
+    name: string,
+    parentId: string | null,
+    color?: string | null,
+  ) => Promise<KnowledgeCategoryNode | null>;
   onClose: () => void;
   onCreated: (doc: Knowledge) => void;
 }) {
@@ -616,7 +1044,7 @@ function KnowledgeComposer({
   async function addCategory() {
     const name = newCat.trim();
     if (!name || !canAddCategory) return;
-    const created = await onCreateCategory(name, categoryId || null);
+    const created = await onCreateCategory(name, categoryId || null, null);
     if (created) {
       setCategoryId(created.id);
       setNewCat("");